Juliette was born and raised in the family of Antoine Chenie, who sold her, through Lucien Dumaine, to Henry Shaw on May 20, 1836, when she was about twenty-one years old. Juliette remained enslaved until she obtained freedom from Shaw at about the age of 23 on April 24, 1839.
James L. Sweatt III became the first Black graduate of Washington University’s School of Medicine in 1962. During his admissions process, he endured excessive scrutiny not faced by white applicants, yet he excelled academically and professionally. Sweat’s achievement represented a major breakthrough in the integration of the university’s professional schools. Sweatt later became a cardiothoracic surgeon, served on the board of Parkland Memorial Hospital, and in 1995 became the first Black president of the Dallas County Medical Society. His determination helped open doors for future generations of Black physicians.
